2025考研大纲：中国石油大学(华东)2025年考研自命题科目 211 翻译硕士英语 考试大纲

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2025 年硕士研究生入学考试大纲

招生学院：外国语学院

考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语

考试时长：180 分钟

招生专业：翻译（专业学位）

考试科目代码：211

满分：100 分

一、考试性质、 目的与要求

《翻译硕士英语》是翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试的专业基础课 考试科目，其目的是考查学生是否具备进行MTI 学习所要求的单项或综合英语语 言水平。

《翻译硕士英语》要求考生具备扎实的英语语言基本功，能够认知 15,000 个 以上的英文词汇，掌握 8,000 个以上的基本词汇及其常用搭配；能够熟练掌握基 本英语语法、语言结构以及文体修辞等语言知识；具备较为娴熟的英语交际能力，

具有较强的英汉互译能力和英语阅读理解能力，以及较为得体的文体写作能力等。

二、考试范围与内容概要

（一）词汇语法

要求考生能够认知 15,000 个以上的英文词汇，掌握 8,000 个以上的积极词汇， 正确熟练运用基本词汇及其常用搭配。考生能够具有扎实的英语语法、语言结构 以及文体修辞等语言知识，具备娴熟规范地运用英语进行交际的能力。

（二）英汉互译

要求考生具有良好的外语基本功，掌握相当的词汇量，具备较好的英汉双语 表达和转换能力，具备一定的中外文化以及政治、经济、法律、科技等方面的背 景知识，能够运用翻译理论和技巧，将不同文体风格的原文语言译成目的语言， 译文要求忠实原意，语言流畅，表达适切。

（三）阅读理解

要求考生能够读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的新闻报道、科普文献、历史传记、 文学作品等各类文体的文章。能够理解其主旨与大意，分析事实与细节；能够理 解其字面意义与隐含意义，作出判断与推理；能够分析其思想观点、语篇结构、 语言特点与修辞手法。能够根据阅读内容自觉调整阅读速度与阅读技巧。

（四）英文写作

要求考生根据所给题目及要求撰写一篇不少于 400 词的英文作文。体裁为记 叙文、说明文或议论文。要求语言通顺，用词精当，结构合理，逻辑严谨，文体 得体。

三、考试形式与试卷结构

（一）试卷满分值及考试时间

本试卷满分为 100 分，考试时间为 180 分钟。

（二）答题方式

答题方式为闭卷、笔试。试卷由试题和答题纸组成；答案必须写在答题纸相 应的位置上。

（三）试卷内容结构

本考试包括四个部分：词汇语法（10 分）、英汉互译（20 分）、阅读理解（40 分）、英文写作（30 分）。

（四）试卷题型结构

四、主要参考书目

1．杨立民. 现代大学英语（1-4 册）. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，2022 年（第 三版，第 1、2 册）、2020 年（第二版，第 3、4 册）.

2. 张汉熙. 高级英语（第四版，第 1、2 册）. 北京 : 外语教学与研究出版社， 2022.

3. 高校英语专业八级考试大纲. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社（视出版情况选取最 新版）.

五、样题

第一部分 词汇语法：本题题型为释义题（10 分）

（将所给英文句子以英文进行释义，5 小题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）。

I. Paraphrase the following sentences in English. (10 points)

1. Our piece of land is small, and it is no longer fertile, bleeding year after year, like us, getting old and exhausted.

2. A decade later, even after Asia’s 1997-98 financial crisis, private capital flows dwarf governmental flows.

…

第二部分 英汉互译：本题题型分为英译汉与汉译英两部分（20 分）

（一）英译汉：将所给英文句子翻译成中文（5 小题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）。 II. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (10 points)

1. Trying doors as he went, swinging his club with many clever movements, turning now and then to cast his watchful eye down the peaceful street, the officer, with his strongly built form and slight air of superiority, made a fine picture of a guardian of the peace.

2. Bankers and regulators yesterday painted a challenging picture for the global economy but stressed that many aspects would have a resounding impact in the next few decades if properly handled.

…

（二）汉译英：将所给中文句子翻译成英文（5 小题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）。 III. Translate the following sentences into English. (10 points)

1. 一个国家不可能强大，除非她不但在地理上，而且在政治、经济和文化上都是 一个整体。

2. 除了较为罕见的暴雨之后紧接着的那一两天外，这地方总是缺水。 ……

第三部分 阅读理解：本题题型分为单选题与简答题两部分（40 分）

（一）单选题：从四个选项中选择正确的一项（20 小题，每题 1 分，共 20 分）。 IV.Reading Comprehension (20 points)

In this section there are reading passages followed by twenty multiple-choice

questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers.

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays—not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.

It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industry's and our

recognition that protecting mankind's great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.

…

…

6. What is the main reason for the industrialists to disregard environmental protection chiefly according to the first two paragraphs?

A. They are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing.

B. It is difficult for them to take effective measures.

C. Time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it. D. They are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests.

7. …

（二）简答题：根据所读文章，以有限字数篇幅简明扼要回答问题（10 小题，每 题 2 分，共 20 分）。

V. Short Answer Questions (20 points)

In this section there are two reading passages with questions or incomplete statements. Read the passages carefully and then answer the questions or complete the

statements in the fewest possible words.

Passage One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. This is especially true in agriculture where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives.

To start with it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history and will continue to do so. Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had minimal effect on biodiversity and any pollution it brought about was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient.

…

…

1. How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

2. What are the consequences of specialization and the effort to increase yields?

3. …

第四部分 英文写作：请根据要求撰写 1 篇 400 词以上的文章（30 分）

（体裁为记叙文、说明文或议论文。要求语言通顺，用词精当，结构合理，逻辑 严谨，文体得体。）

VI. Writing (30 points)

Drunk driving has become a serious social problem, which endangers the driver’s life and the lives of others. Please write a composition on the following topic in no less than 400 words.

Drunk Driving and Social Responsibility

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