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2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试初试自命题试题（ B 卷)
科目代码： 357 科目名称： 英语翻译基础
注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。
Part One Phrase translation (30 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 phrases, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English.
Section A English to Chinese (15 points)
1) the city cluster in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
2) ecological conservation redline
3) high-performance carbon fibers
4) World Anti-Doping Agency
5) J-20 stealth fighter
6) application of blockchain technology
7) Leung Chun-ying
8) zombie company
9) adapt to the economic new normal
10) face-scanning check-in
11) real estate destocking
12) state-of-the-art technology
13) renovation of dilapidated rural housing
14) renewable resource recycling
15) put people first and govern for the people
Section B Chinese to English (15 points)
1) 中国社会主义现代化建设
2) 协同创新
3) 区域协调发展
4) 发展新动能
5) 工匠精神
6) 全面依法治国
7) 人类命运共同体
8) 构建新型大国关系
9) 红白喜事
10) 货到付款
11) 上市公司
12) 增强文化自信
13) 优化产业结构
14) 普惠金融
15) 绿草茵茵，踏之何忍
Part Two Passage translation(120 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English.
Section A English to Chinese (60 points)
TO GOOGLE is now in broad usage as a verb for retrieving information from the internet. If the tech giant has its way, “I Googled” will become a standard reply to the question, “How did you get here?” On May 28th Google said it would build 100 prototype driverless cars devoid of pedals, steering wheel or controls save an on/off switch. It is the next stage in its apparent quest to be as ubiquitous on the road as on computer screens.
People have dreamed about driverless motoring since at least the 1930s, but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought, kitting out test cars with the sensors and sophisticated software required to negotiate busy roads. Google has roared ahead by designing a driverless car from the ground up.
But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had envisaged. It once promised it by 2017. Now it does not see production models coming out before 2020. The technology is far advanced, but needs shrinking in size and cost—Google’s current test cars, retrofitted Toyota and Lexus models, are said to be packed with $80,000-worth of equipment.
Google’s latest efforts may have as much to do with convincing the public and lawmakers as refining the technology. The firm stresses the safety advantages of computers being more likely than humans to avoid accidents. The cars will have a top speed of just 25mph and a front end made of soft foam to cushion unwary pedestrians. The benefits could indeed be huge. Driving time could be given over to working, snoozing or browsing the web. Rather than suffer all the costs of owning a car, some people may prefer to summon a rented one on their smartphones whenever they need it. However, the issue of liability in the event of a driverless car crashing has yet to be resolved.
Turning cars into commodities may not be good news for traditional carmakers. But reinventing motoring as a service fits neatly with Google’s plans to become as big in hardware as in software. And unlike car firms, which talk vaguely of becoming “mobility providers”, Google has pots of cash to make that a reality and no worries about disrupting its current business. Google admits it still has “lots of work to do”. But one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity.
Section B Chinese to English (60 points)
最近各界都在热议中国经济，有看好的，有唱衰的。我想指出的是，中国经济依然强劲，2018年增长6.6%，不仅位于合理区间，在主要经济体中也名列前茅，对世界经济增长的贡献率仍接近30%；中国GDP总量已突破13.6万亿美元，仅增量就相当于一个中等发达国家经济总量。更重要的是，中国经济不仅是“量”的增加，而是“质”的提高。2018年，新产业、新产品、新业态、新模式不断涌现，消费对经济增长贡献率增至76.2%，网上零售额增长超过20%。随着中国经济从高速增长向高质量增长转型，中国必将为包括英国在内的世界各国带来更多机遇。
当然，中英关系也面临一些挑战，首当其冲就是英国脱欧。最近，我经常与英国朋友探讨脱欧前景，听到最多的一句话就是“没人能说得清楚”，正如一句中国流行广告词，“一切皆有可能”。英国和欧盟都是中国的重要贸易伙伴，我们希望英欧双方达成一个互惠互利的协议。我想强调的是，无论脱欧如何演进、无论最终结果如何，中方坚持中英关系“黄金时代”的大方向不会改变。
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