ࡱ> ?A>q` R*bjbjqPqP5::C.......4bhR4$b *4! # # # # # # !h@$b# E.# ..h >..! ! ..a @9-S|-! ~ 0 5,$l$a$.a"# # ;X bbbF bbbF bbb...... R \ y b 'Y f[ N%NmQt^UxXxvzueQf[ՋՋ ՋyvыW@x laNy1,gՋwSqQ2S'YqQ32*N\ nR150R 2,gwS^\ՋwS T{S gT{wS T{HhN_Q(WT{wS N Q(WՋwS NbI~ NGWeHe0laՋwSnm N(WՋwS NmR 3_{(u݄0ў{b~{W[{T{ vQ[GWeHe0 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30 points) AP ATM B & B BCE CNN DNS ECU Association of Caribbean States Bureau of International Expositions UNESCO World Heritage Committee General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Intellectual Property Protection Treaties International Association of Prosecutors International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies i bb ўf wm NZSO NP[t[ z_hN0 >yO#Na !P[hQl hQlePЏR lQv'`eSNN OSybDnMn SU\TĉQ~zz VE6e/eNYGlPY ygcۏQV{yf[SleS II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. 120 points Source Text 160 points : Since several generations of critical commentaries have produced no consensus on a definition of children s literature, a clear and simple description becomes preferable to none that attempts to be all-embracing. Childrens literature has two basic characteristics: it is writing for children (that is, people up to the early teens) and it is intended to be read as literature and not only for information and guidance. The first characteristic excludes books that are read by children although originally intended for adults, such as Gullivers Travels and Robinson Crusoe. Their authors cannot be said to have contemplated the problems of writing for a child audience. Childrens classics though some have become, they stand outside the mainstream of childrens literature because children usually read abridged versions, the cutting having been done either by an editor or by readers themselves in the form of skipping. The second characteristic presents more problems in clarification simply because, as Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch has noted, Literature is not an abstract science, to which exact definition can be applied. It is an art, rather, the success of which depends on personal persuasiveness, on the authors skill to give as ours to receive. Whether child or adult, this receiving ability varies since it is dependent not only on the motor skills of reading, but also upon psychological and emotional makeup and experience. A childs experience is obviously more limited than that of an adult, and although constantly expanding, much of it is nonetheless obtained indirectly. Owing to this innate limitation in children as audience, their literature cannot claim the stature of that for the literate and knowing adult. Still, it differs only from adult literature in that its audience imposes the necessity for certain techniques and emphases: the paring down of characterization, the condensation of plot and incident, a faster pace, minimal description, and a basically straightforward story lineall in all, a less intricate web of plot, character, and style.  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